pg_query

(PHP 4 >= 4.2.0, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

pg_query — Exécute une requête PostgreSQL

Description

pg_query(resource $connection = ?, string $query): resource|false

pg_query() exécute la requête query sur la base de données spécifiée connection. pg_query_params() doit être préféré dans la plupart des cas.

Si une erreur se produit et false est retourné, les détails de l'erreur peuvent être récupérés en utilisant la fonction pg_last_error() si la connexion est valide.

Note: Bien que connection puisse être omis, il n'est pas recommandé de le faire, car il peut se révéler difficile de retrouver les bogues dans les scripts.

Note:
Auparavant, cette fonction s'appelait pg_exec(). pg_exec() est toujours disponible pour des raisons de compatibilité, mais les utilisateurs sont encouragés à utiliser le nouveau nom.

Liste de paramètres

connection: La ressource de connexion de la base de données PostgreSQL. Lorsque connection n'est pas présent, la connexion par défaut est utilisée. La connexion par défaut est la dernière connexion faite par pg_connect() ou pg_pconnect().
query: La requête ou les requêtes SQL à être exécutées. Lorsque plusieurs requêtes sont passées à la fonction, elles sont automatiquement exécutées comme étant une transaction, à moins qu'il y aille les commandes BEGIN/COMMIT incluses dans la requête. Cependant, l'utilisation de transactions multiples dans un seul appel de fonction n'est pas recommandée.

Avertissement
L'inperpolation des chaînes de caractères fournies par l'utilisateur est extrèmement dangereux et vous devez garder en tête l'ensemble des vulnérabilités concernant les injections SQL. Dans la plupart des cas, la fonction pg_query_params() doit être préférée ; il est préférable de passer les valeurs fournies par l'utilisateur comme paramètres, plutôt que de les substituer dans la requête.

Toutes données utilisateur substituées directement dans la chaîne de la requête doivent être proprement échappées.

Valeurs de retour

Une ressource de résultats en cas de succès ou false si une erreur survient.

Exemples

Exemple #1 Exemple avec pg_query()


<?php

$conn = pg_pconnect("dbname=publisher");
if (!$conn) {
  echo "Une erreur s'est produite.\n";
  exit;
}

$result = pg_query($conn, "SELECT auteur, email FROM auteurs");
if (!$result) {
  echo "Une erreur s'est produite.\n";
  exit;
}

while ($row = pg_fetch_row($result)) {
  echo "Auteur: $row[0]  E-mail: $row[1]";
  echo "<br />\n";
}
 
?>

Exemple #2 Utilisation de pg_query() avec plusieurs requêtes


<?php

$conn = pg_pconnect("dbname=publisher");

// ces requêtes seront exécutées en tant qu'une seule transaction

$query = "UPDATE authors SET author=UPPER(author) WHERE id=1;";
$query .= "UPDATE authors SET author=LOWER(author) WHERE id=2;";
$query .= "UPDATE authors SET author=NULL WHERE id=3;";

pg_query($conn, $query);

?>

Voir aussi

pg_connect() - Établit une connexion PostgreSQL
pg_pconnect() - Établit une connexion PostgreSQL persistante
pg_fetch_array() - Lit une ligne de résultat PostgreSQL dans un tableau
pg_fetch_object() - Lit une ligne de résultat PostgreSQL dans un objet
pg_num_rows() - Retourne le nombre de lignes PostgreSQL
pg_affected_rows() - Retourne le nombre de lignes affectées

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User Contributed Notes 15 notes

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a dot mcruer at live dot com ¶

10 years ago


A quick note for novice users: when gathering input from fields on a web form that maintains a database connection, *never* use pg_query to do queries from the field. Always sanitize input using pg_prepare and pg_execute.

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hierophantNOSPAM at pcisys dot net ¶

21 years ago


Regarding david.bouriaud@ac-rouen.fr:
You misunderstand SQL. When a query is issued, results applicable at the time of the query are returned to the application (i.e. PHP). There is no further reference to the database required. Thus, all of the pg_fetch_* functions are acting on an internal data storage, NOT the database itself. This is because SQL does not have a concept of sets, or of state (except in limited circumstances provided by transactions). However, if you use a cursor instead, fetching only one record at a time, you may get an error if you delete the table. If you don't, it is an issue with Postgres, not PHP.

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Jan-Willem Regeer ¶

18 years ago


In reply to david dot bouriaud at ac-rouen dot fr:

All it is doing is internal caching. How can that be dangerous. If you are going to be deleting records after you have closed the connection it is your problem to make sure you have the latest and greatest records, and not some cached ones. Considering you are writing the script I don't see why it is a problem, you know what you are doing in the script, so it is quite useless for PHP to invalidate the cache, when that could be done upon exiting the script, which would mean there was less time spent cleaning out the cache when it counts most (when returning data to the user).

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jsuzuki at spamcop dot net ¶

18 years ago


expanding on the note left by "cmoore" -

To check to see if the recordset returned no records,

<?php
  $result=pg_query($conn, "SELECT * FROM x WHERE a=b;");
  if  (!$result) {
    echo "query did not execute";
  }
  $rs = pg_fetch_assoc($result);
  if (!$rs) {
    echo "0 records"
  }
?>

-jack

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zoli at makettinfo.hu ¶

17 years ago


It would be better this way:

<?php
  $result=pg_query($conn, "SELECT COUNT(*) AS rows FROM x WHERE a=b;");
  if  (!$result) {
   echo "query did not execute";
  }
  if ($line = pg_fetch_assoc($result)) {
    if ($line['rows'] == 0) {
     echo "0 records"
    }
  }
  else {
   while ($row = pg_fetch_array($result)) {
     //do stuff with $row
   }
  }
?> 

This solution doesn't raise the load of the system with the move of matching rows (perhaps 0,1, perhaps 100, 1000, ... rows)

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mankyd ¶

17 years ago


There was a typo in the code that I posted:

<?php
  $result=pg_query($conn, "SELECT * FROM x WHERE a=b;");
  if  (!$result) {
   echo "query did not execute";
  }
  if (pg_num_rows($result) == 0) {
   echo "0 records"
  }
  else {
   while ($row = pg_fetch_array($result)) {
     //do stuff with $row
   }
  }
?>

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cmoore ¶

18 years ago


One thing to note that wasn't obvious to me at first.  If your query returns zero rows, that is not a "failed" query.  So the following is wrong:
  $result=pg_query($conn, "SELECT * FROM x WHERE a=b;");
  if  (!$result) {
    echo "No a=b in x\n";
  }

pg_query returns FALSE if the query can not be executed for some reason.  If the query is executed but returns zero rows then you get back a resul with no rows.

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mankyd ¶

17 years ago


Improving upon what jsuzuki said:

It's probably better to use pg_num_rows() to see if no rows were returned, as that leaves the resultset cursor pointed to the first row so you can use it in a loop.

Example:

<?php
  $result=pg_query($conn, "SELECT * FROM x WHERE a=b;");
  if  (!$result) {
   echo "query did not execute";
  }
  if (pg_num_rows($result) == 0) {
   echo "0 records"
  }
  else {
    while ($row = pg_fetch_array($result) {
      //do stuff with $row
    }
  }
?>

I, personally, also find it more readable.

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mentat at azsoft dot pl ¶

21 years ago


$GLOBALS["PG_CONNECT"]=pg_connect(...);
....

function query ($sqlQuery,$var=0) {
   if (!$GLOBALS["PG_CONNECT"]) return 0;
   $lev=error_reporting (8); //NO WARRING!!
   $result=pg_query ($sqlQuery);
   error_reporting ($lev); //DEFAULT!!
   if (strlen ($r=pg_last_error ($GLOBALS["PG_CONNECT"]))) {
      if ($var) {
        echo "<p color=\"red\">ERROR:<pre>";
        echo $sqlQuery;
        echo "</pre>";
        echo $r;
        echo "&lt/p>";
      }
      close_db ();
      return 0;
   }
   return $result;
}

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-1

Anonymous ¶

10 years ago


Here is my small function to make it easier for me to use data from select queries (attention, it is sensitive to sql injection)
<?php
function requestToDB($connection,$request){ 
    if(!$result=pg_query($connection,$request)){
        return False;
    }
    $combined=array();
    while ($row = pg_fetch_assoc($result)) {
        $combined[]=$row;
    }
    return $combined;
}
?>

Example:
<?php
$conn = pg_pconnect("dbname=mydatabase");

$results=requestToDB($connect,"select * from mytable");

//You can now access a "cell" of your table like this:
$rownumber=0;
$columname="mycolumn";

$mycell=$results[$rownumber][$columname];
var_dump($mycell);

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-2

Akbar ¶

19 years ago


Use pg_query to call your stored procedures, and use pg_fetch_result when getting a value (like a smallint as in this example) returned by your stored procedure.

<?php
$pgConnection = pg_connect("dbname=users user=me");

$userNameToCheckFor = "metal";

$result = pg_query($pgConnection, "SELECT howManyUsersHaveThisName('$userNameToCheckFor')");

$count = pg_fetch_result($result, 0, 'howManyUsersHaveThisName');
?>

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-3

david dot bouriaud at ac-rouen dot fr ¶

21 years ago


Hi to all !
It seems that the old pg_exec function does not do what it is expected to.
In the doc, it is said that it returns a resource identifier on the successful querry that was send to the backend.
It seems to me that it is more than a resource identifier.
Follow the example :

<?php
$ConnId = pg_connect ("blablabla");
$ResId = pg_exec ("select * from table", $ConnId);
pg_close ($ConnId);
$row = pg_fetch_array ($ResId, 4);
?>

I closed the connection voluntarily before the pg_fetch_array. It WORKS !

Now, imagine the following script :
<?php
$ConnId = pg_connect ("blablabla");
$ResId = pg_exec ("select * from table", $ConnId);
pg_close ($ConnId);
system ("psql base -c delete from table");
$row = pg_fetch_array ($ResId, 4);
?>
See how it could be harmful !!!! I think that the coders have done this for performances reasons, but it is not the right way do do so !!!

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-4

yoshinariatsuo at yahoo dot com ¶

21 years ago


create table from pg_query results.. hope it helps newbies...
function table_create($result)
{
    $numrows = pg_num_rows($result);
    $fnum = pg_num_fields($result);

    echo "<table border width='100%'>";
    echo "<tr>";

    for ($x = 0; $x < $fnum; $x++) {
        echo "<td><b>";
        echo strtoupper(pg_field_name($result, $x));
        echo "</b></td>";
    }

    echo "</tr>";

    for ($i = 0; $i < $numrows; $i++) {
        $row = pg_fetch_object($result, $i);
        echo "<tr align='center'>";
        for ($x = 0; $x < $fnum; $x++) {
    $fieldname = pg_field_name($result, $x);
    echo "<td>";
    echo $row->$fieldname;
    echo "</td>";
        }
        echo"</tr>";
    }
    echo "</table>";
    
    return 0;
}

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-5

sd at dicksonlife dot com ¶

17 years ago


Took me a while to track this down so I thought it might be useful for others:

If you use stored procedures and need to get result sets back from them:

function dbquery($link,$query){
  pg_query($link,"BEGIN;");
  $tr=pg_query($link,$query);
  $r=pg_fetch_row($tr);
  $name=$r[0];
  $rs=pg_query($link,"FETCH ALL IN \"" . $name . "\";");
  pg_query($link,"END;");
  return $rs;
}

(Error checking removed for clarity)

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-8

jvarner at dsrglobal dot com ¶

21 years ago


That's why your code should never assume it has the very latest data unless it locks it.

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